Vala is a programming language that uses modern high level abstractions without imposing additional runtime requirements and without using a different ABI compared to applications and libraries written in C. The Vala compiler is a self-hosting compiler that translates Vala source code into C source and header files. Vala uses the GObject type system and has additional code generation routines that make targeting the GNOME stack simple. The syntax of Vala is similar to C#, modified to better fit the GObject type system. Vala has many other uses where native binaries are required.
Geany is a powerful, stable and lightweight Integrated Development Environment. It was developed to provide a small and fast IDE, which has only a few dependencies from other packages. Another goal was to be as independent as possible from a special Desktop Environment like KDE or GNOME - Geany only requires the GTK2 runtime libraries.
GTK+, or the GIMP Toolkit, is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces. Offering a complete set of widgets, GTK+ is suitable for projects ranging from small one-off tools to complete application suites.GTK is essentially an object oriented application programmers interface (API). Although written completely in C, it is implemented using the idea of classes and callback functions (pointers to functions).There is also a third component called GLib which contains a few replacements for some standard calls, as well as some additional functions for handling linked lists, etc. The replacement functions are used to increase GTK's portability
Cairo is a 2D graphics library with support for multiple output devices. Cairo is designed to produce consistent output on all output media while taking advantage of display hardware acceleration when available. The cairo API provides operations similar to the drawing operators of PostScript and PDF. Operations in cairo including stroking and filling cubic Bézier splines, transforming and compositing translucent images, and antialiased text rendering. All drawing operations can be transformed by any affine transformation (scale, rotation, shear, etc.)Cairo is implemented as a library written in the C programming language, but bindings are available for several different programming languages.
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